And ammonium nitrate to make anfo type blasting agents b y thomas c. Thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate based composites jimmie c. Remote work advice from the largest allremote company. Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends useful explosive and blasting agent for modern day blasting presentation transcript needed for an explosion. Studies of the thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate over the range. The present invention relates to a method for producing anfo on the.
Anfo under most conditions is blasting capinsensitive, so it is classified as a blasting agent and not a high explosive. Remember, its not a crime to know how to manufacture explosives, but it is a crime to do it and really, stuffing around with anfo can be extremely harmful or fatal and is best left to the professionals. Unit operations nitrate and fuel oil anfo, which is transported by tanker truck and pumped into the holes. Doc explosivos anfo diego gonzalez zapata academia. Open cut coal, open cut metal, quarry, construction. Blast wave parameters for spherical explosives detonation in free air.
Join the grabcad community today to gain access and download. Powergel premium tem desempenho compativel com os explosivos. Your new online msds binder is a place for you to store the material safety data sheets you need to deploy. If it is loaded pneumatically the critical diameter can be increased to 1. Papers, articles and letters to the editor are welcome and should be sent to the editor at her email address, or by post to the institute address. If patient finds breathing difficult and develops a bluish discolouration of the skin which suggests a lack of oxygen in the blood cyanosis, ensure airways.
Anfo is suitable for most dry blasting applications. Head to the nearest chemistpharmacy, go up to the counter and ask for 6% peroxide, the person will take you to where it is. The grabcad library offers millions of free cad designs, cad files, and 3d models. With its low sensitivity and excellent performance in breaking and displacing rock, it is ideal for quarries and civil works. Join 5,090,000 engineers with over 3,050,000 free cad files join the community join 5,090,000 engineers with over 3,050,000 free cad files join the community load. All chemicals listed on the australian inventory of chemical substances aics. But, this now gave the powder salesman a tool to easily sell higher velocity, more expensive water gels, emulsions, and dynamites instead of anfo. A poison schedule number has not been allocated to this product using the criteria in the standard for the uniform scheduling of drugs and poisons susdp. May 14, 20 confined, anfos critical diameter is approximately 1 14 inches. American name for the 4th generation of composition c explosives, also called harrisite. A total productivity system to achieve more by doing less. Simply click on the download link below to see it in action 1.
That is, a borehole or column of anfo less than two inches in diameter will detonate in the immediate area of the primer, but cannot reliably carry the detonation process much beyond that point. Around 500 alphabetically ordered, monographic entries. To obtain copies, contact explosives engineering subscriptions at the institute address above. Anfo and waterbased explosives such as water gels and emulsions are more difficult to ignite in the open. Introduction to explosives for official use only anfo ammonium nitrate and fuel oil. If patient finds breathing difficult and develops a bluish discolouration of the skin which suggests a lack of oxygen in the blood.
Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends useful explosive. Other companies are charging thousands of dollars to set up accounts and give you access to their msds online database. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Blast wave parameters for spherical explosives detonation. May 04, 2010 anfo characteristics the critical diameter of poured anfo is about 2. Explosives anfo ammonium nitrate fuel oil on 10 november 2009 international troops and afghan police seized 250 tons of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in the southern city of kandahar. Visit to know long meaning of anfo acronym and abbreviations. Anfo has found wide use in coal mining, quarrying, metal mining, and civil construction in undemanding applications where the advantages of anfo s low cost and ease of use matter more than the benefits offered by conventional industrial explosives, such as water resistance, high detonation velocity, and performance in small diameters. The equilibrium has been obtained minimizing the helmhotz free. Sep 08, 2019 the press and other media have used the term anfo loosely and imprecisely in describing improvised explosive devices ieds exploivo, in cases of fertilizer bombs see malicious use below. Anfo 20 or anfo, for ammonium nitrate fuel oil is a widely used explosive mixture. Managing energy, not time, is the key to high performance and personal renewal. Ammonium nitrate an an is a weak explosive base, its explosion temperature being 1 degree centigrade. Bajpayee us bureau of mines, pittsburgh research center pittsburgh, pennsylvania, usa abstract the bureau of mines conducted research to determine the safe operating conditions for using.
Anfo characteristics the critical diameter of poured anfo is about 2. Method for producing an anfo explosive using ammonium nitrate. From monsanto blasting products anfo manual, august 1. Open cut coal, open cut metal, quarry, construction product type. Head to the nearest chemistpharmacy, go up to the counter.
When anfo reaches its full vod the strength is given as. Smells like motor oil, light brown puttylike substance. Anfo is a free flowing loose poured mixture of porous prilled ammonium nitrate nitropril and fuel oil fo, formulated to be oxygen balanced for use in dry blastholes. This page was last edited on 30 january 2019, at 18. Bulk emulsions are gellike in consistency and can be pumped into blastholes from large.
Anfo is a granular material, which is loose and free flowing. Western counterpart to semtex plastic explosive requires a blasting cap for detonation. As a measure of an explosives capacity to create fire from an open flame carried by its detonation. Anfo is a tertiary explosivemeaning that it cannot be set off by the small quantity of primary explosive in a typical blasting cap. This led to greater profits, but was terrible for the industry as it dramatically increased costs for no reason. The paper describes different experimental measurements of anfo explosives made by university of zilina, faculty of security engineering with the collaboration of military technical and testing. Top quality anfo explosives in the volumes you need.
A common example is anfo, a mixture of ammonium nitrate, which acts as the oxidizer, and fuel oil the fuel source. Papers, articles and letters to the editor are welcome and should be sent to the editor. Anfo or anfo, for ammonium nitratefuel oil is a widely used bulk industrial explosive. November learn how and when to remove this template message. It is one of the best place for finding expanded names. Wear protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapoursdusts. When filled with anfo, a blasthole 400 mm about 16 inches in diameter and 7. Analysis and trends anfo can be used as a main charge but requires a booster for detonation requires umilled porous prills of an because are less dense and retain moisture better improvisation of pure an is not difficult. Mar 28, 2019 anfo has found wide use in coal miningquarryingmetal miningand civil construction in applications where its low ano and ease of use may outweigh the benefits of other explosives, such as water resistance, oxygen balance, higher detonation velocity, or performance in smalldiameter columns. Environmental education resources to commemorate earth days 50th anniversary. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
A blaster who has any explosivesflammability concerns must discuss them with the explosives manufacturers. If contamination of sewers or waterways has occurred advise local emergency services. It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate nh 4 no 3 an, which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and 6% number 2 fuel oil fo. Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends useful explosive and. Available in both bulk and bagged form, anfo prilled ammonium nitrate an is a nominal blend of porous ammonium nitrate prill and fuel oil. In the first case, the detonation energy is the en. The fuel component of anfo is typically diesel, but kerosenecoal dust, racing fuel, or even molasses have been used instead. Application anfo has zero water resistance and has a wide variety of applications in dry hole blasting conditions. Material safety data sheet and loosen remaining clothing. Emissions associated with the manufacture of explosives are treated in section 6. Allow patient to assume most comfortable position and keep warm. Map of comune of anfo province of brescia, region lombardy, italy. Anfo under most conditions is considered a high explosive. Ruhe us bureau of mines, pittsburgh research center pittsburgh, pennsylvania, usa t.
It can be readily poured into a blast hole from bags or blown in from a large container by means of compressed air. Explosives engineering home institute of explosives. Oxygen carriers assure complete oxidation of the carbon in the explosive mixture, which. This worldfamous work has been enlarged and updated without tampering with its tried and tested format. Anfo, emulsion and heavy anfo blends mining engineer. Military applications are excluded from this discussion. Cheques should be made payable in sterling to the institute of explosives engineers.
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